NE - General Information

North East India comprises:

• Arunachal Pradesh
• Assam
• Manipur
• Meghalaya
• Mizoram
• Nagaland
• Sikkim
• Tripura

International Boundaries:

The region shares an international border of 5,182 kilometres (3,220 mi) (about 99 percent of its total geographical boundary) with several neighbouring countries - 1,395 kilometres (867 mi) with China in the north, 1,640 kilometres (1,020 mi) with Myanmar in the east, 1,596 kilometres (992 mi) with Bangladesh in the south-west, 97 kilometres (60 mi) with Nepal in the west, and 455 kilometres (283 mi) with Bhutan in the north-west.[18] It comprises an area of 262,184 square kilometres (101,230 sq mi), almost 8 percent of that of India. The Siliguri Corridor connects the region to the rest of mainland India.

Latitude : 21.57°N - 29.30°N

Longitude : 88°E - 97.30°E

Area covered : 262184 Sq. Km

North East India is mostly hilly; it has plains on both sides of the river Brahmaputra and the Himalayan range around it. The flora and fauna of this region is numerous and varied.

The region accounts for 7.9% of the total land space of the country. Hill ranges forming part of the Himalayas guard the northern side of the region. The area is made up of mountains above the snow line and plains a little higher than sea level.

The region is of strategic importance for the country on account of the fact that nearly 90% of its borders form India's international boundaries.

Topography: About 70% of the region is hilly, and the topography varies within each state. Mountains and hills cover most of Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Nagaland, Meghalaya, Sikkim and about half of Tripura, one-fifth of Assam and nine-tenth of Manipur.

The plains of the region are mainly made up of separate land masses - the Brahmaputra Valley and the Barak Valley in Assam and the Tripura plains in the South. In Manipur, the valley is small, comprising only about 10% of the total area of the state.

The Brahmaputra Valley stretches longitudinally for about 730 km, from North Lakhimpur to Dhubri district in Assam. The Barak Valley, formed by the river Barak and its tributaries covers the districts of Cachar, Karimganj and Hailakandi of South Assam. The Tripura plain is an extension of the Ganga-Brahmaputra plain.

The topography of the hills is generally rugged and vast areas are inaccessible.

Rainfall: The rainy season in this region generally commences from March and lasts till the middle of October. The total annual rainfall varies significantly in the region. In Khasi and Jaintia Hills, the annual intensity of rainfall reaches the maximum of about 1080-cm around Cherrapunjee and Mawsynram (having highest rainfall in the world). It is significantly low in the rainshadow area of Nagaon district in Assam. About two-thirds of the annual total rainfall occurs during the four monsoon months of June to September.

Major Plantation: Tea

Major Crops: Rice

Major Minerals: Coal, Petroleum, & Natural Gas.

Major Religions: Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Buddhism.

Languages spoken: English, Hindi, Assamese, Khasi, Garo, Jaintia, Manipuri, Mizo, Nagamese, Bengali, Nepali, Bhutia (Sikkimese), Bhutia (Tibetan), Lepcha, Limboo, Local dialects.

State-wise Rural and Urban Population 2022:

Source: Rural Health Statistics 2021-22

State-wise Rural and Urban Population, 2021:

Source: Rural Health Statistics 2020-21

Sate-wise Area, Population, Growth Rate, Density, Sex Ratio and Literacy Rate in NE Region according to Census 2011:

Source: census2011.co.in

Sate-wise Population Trends in Northeastern Region:

(Thousands Persons)

* Censused for the first time in 1961

@ The 1981 Census could not be held in Assam. The population figures for 1981 for Assam have been worked out by interpolation.

# India and and Manipur figures include estimated figure for three sub-divisions viz. Mao Maram, Paomata and Purul of Senapati district of Manipur as censused results of 2001 census were cancelled in these three sub-divisions due to technical and administrative reasons.

Source: Basic Statistics of NER 2006

census2011.co.in

State-wise Distribution of Population according to Census 2011:

Source: census2011.co.in

State-wise Total Scheduled Tribe (Male, Female Rural and Urban) Population according Census 2011:

Source: census2011.co.in

State-wise Number of Literates in NE Region according to Census 2011:

Sources: census2011.co.in

Sate-wise Number of Literacy Rate in NE Region according to Census 2011:

Sources: census2011.co.in

Sate-wise Number of Total Worker, Main and Marginal by sex Census of India-2011:

Source: Census of India 2011

State wise Employment Exchange statistics for the year 2022:

Source: Employment Exchange statistics 2023

State wise Employment Exchange statistics for the year 2020:

Source: National Health Profile 2022

State-wise Unemployment Rate - Usual Status (Adjusted), 1993-94 to 2022-23:

(Rural Male) (Per Thousands)

(Rural Female) (Per Thousands)

(Rural Overall) (Per Thousands)

Source: Handbook of Statistics on Indian States 2022-23

State-wise Unemployment Rate - Usual Status (Adjusted), 1993-94 to 2020-21:

(Per Thousand)

Note: Employment figures are the sum of principal status and subsidiary status.

Source: Handbook of Statistics on Indian States 2021-22

State-wise Unemployment Rate - Usual Status (Adjusted), 1993-94 to 2022-23:

(Urban Male) (Per Thousands)

(Urban Female) (Per Thousands)

(Urban Overall) (Per Thousands)

Source: Handbook of Statistics on Indian States 2022-23

State-wise Unemployment Rate - Usual Status (Adjusted), 1993-94 to 2020-21:

(Per Thousand)

Note: Employment figures are the sum of principal status and subsidiary status.

Source: Handbook of Statistics on Indian States 2021-22

Unemployment Rate and Worker Population in Northeast*, 2017-18 to 2019-20:

* 15 years and above

Source: Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS), by Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation